A fundamental research project Experimental studies of runoff generation in small river drainage basins
Research-oriented goals are:
- to study dynamics of interaction between surface and sub-surface flows during the process of flood generation (for both snowmelt and rainstorm floods) in small drainage basins;
- to investigate spatial distributions of the basic factors responsible for spring flood generation (snow water content, snowmelt rate, soil moisture and soil freezing depth);
- to discover conditions for the large accumulation of sediments and to elucidate upon their influence on the flow regime
Applied targets are:
- to acquire a new experimental data set necessary for testing of and improvements in existing hydrological simulation models and validation the remote sensing data;
- to develop an instruction for experimental studies in representative river basins for the hydrological network, including recommendations on optimal choice of the representative basins;
- to develop algorithms and software programs for improved calculations of runoff and sediment transport by using the data of standard hydrological network.
Expected results
- Data set (database) of experimental observations for small river runoff and the factors conditioned flood flow to be used for development and testing of hydrological simulation models and for validation of remote sensing (air-borne and satellite) data
- New empirically based sub-models for snowmelt and melt water infiltration. Relationships between ground water flow, soil moisture and effective precipitation
- Method, algorithms and software for calculations of runoff and sediment transport by the hydrological network data
- Methods for analyses of long-term data and physiographic attributes as applied to re-construction of the network
Implications
- an electronic media version of the guide-book (manuals) for experimental investigations in representative small river basins of the hydrological network;
- reference data, case studies, program and lectures capable to meet the needs of various educational institutions (the UNESCO training courses, university students' field practice, etc.).
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